VTERB-BLK-X2-UT4【PDF 8/34 页】LICENSE VITERBI DECODER XP2

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Lattice Semiconductor

Functional Description

The MSB of the generator polynomial corresponds to the input and the LSBs correspond to the state as shown in

Figure 2-3 . A bit value of ‘1’ in the generator polynomial represents a used bit and a value of ‘0’ signifies an unused

bit.

Figure 2-3. Convolutional Encoding

XOR

GP0 = 171 octal

data in

reg

reg

reg

reg

reg

reg

data out

GP1 = 133 octal

Punctured Codes and Depuncturing

After convolutional encoding, some of the encoded symbols can be selectively removed before transmission. This

process, called “puncturing,” is a data compression method used to reduce the number of bits transmitted.

Figure 2-4 shows an example of the puncturing process.

Figure 2-4. Puncturing Process

After convolutional coding

i 0

i 1

Input data

i 2 i 3 i 4

i 5

i 6

a 0 a 1 a 2 a 3 a 4 a 5 a 6

b 0 b 1 b 2 b 3 b 4 b 5 b 6

Puncture pattern

Puncture pattern

superimposed

Final punctured output

1

1

0

1

1

0

a 0 a 1 a 2 a 3 a 4 a 5 a 6

b 0 b 1 b 2 b 3 b 4 b 5 b 6

a 0 b 0 b 1 a 2 a 3 b 3 b 4 a 5

If puncturing is employed in the encoder, the decoder will have to “depuncture” the data before decoding. Depunc-

turing is done by inserting NULL symbols for the punctured symbols. NULL symbols are equidistant from both ‘0’

and ‘1’. A pair of binary strings, called a “puncture pattern,” is used to identify punctured symbols. A “1” in a pattern

means the corresponding symbol was not punctured in the encoder, while a “0” means the symbol has been punc-

tured.

Viterbi Decoding

The convolutional encoding mentioned above can be considered as a series of state transitions for every input

symbol. The input and the resulting state transitions can be shown in a special state transition diagram called a

“trellis tree” or simply a “trellis.” A sample trellis tree is shown in Figure 2-5 .

IPUG32_02.7, June 2010

8

Block Viterbi Decoder User’s Guide

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VTERB-DECO-XP-N1 IP CORE VITERBI DECODER XPGA

VTP110F POLYSWITCH PTC RESET 1.1A STRAP

VTP175LF POLYSWITCH PTC RESET 1.75A STRAP

VTP210GF POLYSWITCH PTC RESET 2.1A STRAP

VTP210SF POLYSWITCH PTC RESET 2.1A STRAP

W51-A121B1-10 CIRCUIT BREAKER THERM 10A ILLUM

W54-XC2A4B10-40 CIRCUIT BREAKER THERMAL 40AMP

WV-089047-10-9 LABEL ID PRODUCTS

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